Venezuela PESTLE Insights – A Macroeconomic Outlook Report

Mining, manufacturing, and utilities contributed 51.3% to Venezuela’s GDP in 2025, followed by wholesale, retail trade, and hotels (23.2%) and transport, storage, and communications (6.5%). In nominal terms, these three subsectors are forecast to grow by 204.9%, 201.8%, and 201.6%, respectively, in 2026.

Venezuela’s central bank reported in March 2026 that oil exports generated $18.2 billion in revenue in 2025, slightly below the $18.4 billion earned in 2024. The update, released on March 24, 2026, is notable because the authority had not published this figure since 2018.

According to the WIPO, Global Innovation Index (2025), Venezuela was ranked 138th out of 139 nations in 2025 on the infrastructure parameter.

Scope

Macroeconomic Country Outlook Reports evaluate a country's investment potential through its political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental (PESTLE) framework. This comprehensive analysis offers a holistic view of the economy, serving as a strategic tool to understand market dynamics, business potential, and operational direction. Each PESTLE factor is examined based on four parameters: current strengths, current challenges, future prospects, and future risks. These insights support strategic planning by highlighting opportunities and risks within the economy, helping businesses and investors make informed decisions. The report aims to provide a detailed understanding of the country's macroeconomic environment to facilitate effective decision-making and strategy development.

Reasons to buy

Macroeconomic Outlook Report identifies the potentials of the country as an investment destination by analyzing the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental (PESTLE) structure.

PESTLE Insights provides 360 degree view of the economy which can be used as a strategic tool to understand the market dynamics, business potentials and direction of operations

Along with providing the country’s snapshot, the report captures the risk factors pertaining to the macroeconomic risks, political environment, legal environment, demographic and social structure effectiveness, technology & infrastructure and natural and geographic aspects that might impact business.

This report also highlights key clusters/cities which contribute significantly to the country GDP and population along with major companies’ presence in these areas.

Companies mentioned

PDVSA

Banko de Venezuela

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

List of Exhibits

Did You Know?

Country Highlights

Key Economic Updates

Country Snapshot

Political Landscape

Economic Landscape

Social Landscape

Technological Landscape

Legal Landscape

Environmental Landscape

Outlook

List of Tables

Exhibit 1: Venezuela’s performance in country risk analysis in comparison to Latin America and World average

Exhibit 2: Performance overview (score: 0-100)

Exhibit 3: Broad categories and weights behind the index

Exhibit 4: IBVC index, (March 2023 – March 2024)

Exhibit 5: Key sectors contribution to the economy (2019–26f)

Exhibit 6: FDI inflows and outflows (2018–22), FDI inward stock and outward stock (2018–22)

Exhibit 7: Greenfield FDI projects and net cross border M&A deals in Venezuela (2018–22)

Exhibit 8: Key infrastructure indicators

Exhibit 9: Real GDP and household consumption growth rate (2019–26f)

Exhibit 10: Real GDP growth rate comparison (2023e)

Exhibit 11: Volume of exports and imports growth (2019–24f)

Exhibit 12: Current account balance (2019–24f)

Exhibit 13: Top three commodity exports, % of total exports (2018–22)

Exhibit 14: Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation, % of world total (2022)

Exhibit 15: Interest rates (January 2019 – January 2024)

Exhibit 16: Exchange rate and inflation (2019–26f)

Exhibit 17: Public finance (2019–22)

Exhibit 18: General government debt (2019–22)

Exhibit 19: Unemployment rate by age group, 15-24 (2019–22)

Exhibit 20: Labor force participation rate (2019–26f)

Exhibit 21: Proportion of employment by sector (2019–26f)

Exhibit 22: Rural/urban share of total population (1995, 2005, 2015, 2025f)

Exhibit 23: Age-group share of total population (1995, 2005, 2015, 2025f)

Exhibit 24: Gender split (1995, 2005, 2015, 2025f)

Exhibit 25: Internet users as a percentage of total population, mobile penetration rate and broadband penetration rate (2023e)

Exhibit 26: Number of patents granted per million population (2022)

Exhibit 27: R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP (2021, or latest available year)

Exhibit 28: Rule of law index (rankings) 2023

Exhibit 29: Corruption perceptions index (rankings) (2023)

Exhibit 30: Renewable energy, installed capacity (2019–23e)

Exhibit 31: CO2 emissions (2018–22)

List of Figures

Exhibit 1: Venezuela’s Performance in Country Risk Analysis in Comparison to Americas and World Averages

Exhibit 2: Performance Overview (Score: 0–100)

Exhibit 3: Broad Categories and Weights Behind the Index

Exhibit 4: IBVC Index (April 2025 – April 2026)

Exhibit 5: Key Sectors’ Contribution to the Economy (2021–28f)

Exhibit 6: FDI Inflows & FDI Stock

Exhibit 7: Value and Number of Greenfield FDI projects (2020–24)

Exhibit 8: Real GDP and Household Consumption Growth Rate (2021–28f)

Exhibit 9: Real GDP Growth Rate Comparison (2025e)

Exhibit 10: Volume of Export and Import of Goods and Services Growth (2021–25e)

Exhibit 11: Current Account Balance (2021–25e)

Exhibit 12: Interest Rates (February 2021 – February 2026)

Exhibit 13: Exchange Rate and Inflation (2021–28f)

Exhibit 14: Public Finance (2021–24)

Exhibit 15: General Government Debt (2021–24)

Exhibit 16: Unemployment Rate (2020–25e)

Exhibit 17: Labor Force Participation Rate (2021–28f)

Exhibit 18: Employment by Sector (2021–28f)

Exhibit 19: Rural-urban Share of Total Population (2020, 2025e, 2030f, 2035f)

Exhibit 20: Age-group Share of Total Population (2020, 2025e, 2030f, 2035f)

Exhibit 21: Gender Split (2020, 2025e, 2030f, 2035f)

Exhibit 22: Internet Users as a Percentage of Total Population, Mobile and Broadband Penetration Rates (2025e)

Exhibit 23: Number of Patents Granted Per Million Population (2025e)

Exhibit 24: R&D Expenditure as a Percentage of GDP (2022, or latest available year)

Exhibit 25: Rule of Law Index (Rankings) 2025

Exhibit 26: Corruption Perceptions Index (Rankings) 2025

Exhibit 27: Renewable Electricity, Installed Capacity (2021–25e)

Exhibit 28: CO2e emissions (2020–24)

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