Romania In-depth PEST Insights

This PEST country analysis report on Romania provides a holistic view of the country, with insightful analysis of current and future issues, supplemented with relevant quantitative data to support trend analysis.

Synopsis

– Understand the political system in Romania through analysis of key figures in the country and governance indicators.

– Understand the economic situation in Romania through a balanced assessment of core macroeconomic issues.

– Understand customer demographics in Romania through analysis of income distribution and the rural-urban split, as well as healthcare and education.

– Understand the technological landscape in Romania through analysis of relevant laws and policies, as well as patents data.

Scope

– The political landscape section discusses the evolution of the political scenario in Romania, as well as the country's economic, social, foreign, and defense policies. The section also discusses the country's performance according to World Bank Governance Indicators.

– The economic landscape section outlines the evolution of Romania's economy, as well as the country's performance in terms of GDP growth, composition by sector (agriculture, industry, and services), fiscal situation, international investment position, monetary situation, credit disbursement, banking sector, and employment."

– The social landscape section analyzes the government's social welfare policies, as well as the country's performance in terms of healthcare, income distribution, and education.

Reasons to buy

What is the outlook in Romania in terms of political stability, policies towards business, and the popularity of the government?

How does Romania perform in terms of GDP growth, its fiscal situation, international investment position, monetary situation, and employment?

How does Romania perform in terms of healthcare, income distribution, and education?

How does Romania perform in terms of technology-intensive sectors like IT, life sciences, and R&D expenditure trends?

Table of Contents

Overview

Catalyst

Summary

Key highlights

Key developments (August 2024 – July 2025)

Key economic updates

Real GDP growth rate

Inflation rate

Interest rate

Industrial production

Impact of the US tariffs on the Romanian economy

Key Facts and Geographic Location

Key facts

Geographical location

Political landscape

Summary

Evolution

Structure and policies

Key political figures

Structure of government

Legislature

Composition of parliament

Key policies

Economic and social

Romania’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan

Foreign and defense policies

Performance

Governance indicators

Economic Landscape

Summary

Evolution

Structure and policies

Financial system

Performance

GDP composition by sector

Agriculture

Industry

Services

Fiscal situation

Current account

General government gross debt

Foreign trade

International investment position

Key monetary indicators

Consumer price index inflation

Unemployment

Social Landscape

Summary

Evolution

Structure and policies

Demographic composition

Religious composition

Education

Healthcare

Performance

Education

Healthcare

Technological Landscape

Summary

Evolution

Digital transition under Romania’s recovery and resilience plan

5G implementation

AI implementation

Structure and policies

Intellectual property

Performance

About MarketLine

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List of Tables

Table 1: Romania – Key Facts, 2025

Table 2: Romania – Population by Gender (% of Total Population), 2024

List of Figures

Figure 1: Key Economic Indicators Trend

Figure 2: Map of Romania, 2025

Figure 3: Romania – Timeline of Key Political Events

Figure 4: Romania – Key Political Figures

Figure 5: Distribution of Seats in the Chamber of Deputies in Romania, December 2024

Figure 6: Evolution of GDP (%), 2014 – 24

Figure 7: Real GDP and GDP Growth (Constant Prices) ($ Billion/%), 2020 – 29f

Figure 8: GDP by Sector in Romania (%), 2024

Figure 9: Romania – Agricultural Output (RON Billion/%), 2020–25f

Figure 10: Romania – Industrial Output (RON Billion/%), 2020–25f

Figure 11: Romania – Services Output (RON Billion/%), 2020–25f

Figure 12: Volume of Export and Import of Goods and Services Growth (%), 2020–29f

Figure 13: Consumer Price Index and CPI-Based Inflation (Index/%), 2020–29f

Figure 14: Unemployment (000’s) and Unemployment Rate (%), 2020–29f

Figure 15: Religion in Romania, 2021

Figure 16: Government Education Expenditure ($ Billion/% of GDP), 2020–24

Figure 17: Government Healthcare Expenditure ($ Billion/% of GDP), 2020–24

Figure 18: Internet Users (Million/% of Total Population), 2020 – 25f

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