Metropolis in Turmoil: The world’s most important cities face dangerous issues

Whilst some cities are booming and transforming into Megacities, and others generate huge portions of their countries wealth, they are also, where the biggest social, economic and environmental problems are worst. Some of the biggest issues in the modern world are so dangerous they could cause a city to become failed and many issues are relatively new with no immediately obvious solution. From economic woes, population booms, rising sea levels, crime and corruption and political instability, the issues affecting some major cities around the world are legion.

Key Questions Answered:

– What are the main problems Rio faces in reversing economic decline?

– What are the risks to London maintaining a leading position in the world after Brexit?

– What is the impact rampant overpopulation on Delhi?

– What are the economic impacts of the various crises which are occurring in Athens?

– How does the social and economic problems Miami faces inhibit the prospects of the city?

Scope

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Reasons to buy

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Executive summary 2

Miami: The US city that encapsulates America’s urban problems 2

Post-Olympics Rio is suffering from critical problems 2

London: City faces challenges to keep leading global position 2

Delhi: The megacity gone out of control 2

Athens: City with big economic woes and refugees to feed 2

Miami: The US city that encapsulates America’s urban problems 8

Miami is typical of a modern wealthy city with vast poverty 8

Absurdly high incarceration rate has locked away a generation 9

Miami is significantly worse than the rest of the country 10

Sentencing in Florida displays signs of institutional racism 11

Miami ranks as the worst place to live in the US 12

Solutions for Miami’s problems are not easy, but there are options 13

Miami has a huge environmental problem looming 13

Post-Olympics Rio is suffering from critical problems 15

Much has been done to alleviate poverty in Rio, but extensive problems remain - solving them is not going to be easy 15

Corruption is rife, harming the ability of society and the economy to function 16

Rio de Janeiro is bankrupt, stymying growth and harming the city 17

Police brutality is not curbing crime and harms economic prosperity 19

Improving sanitation is improving the lives of many poor people in Rio but greater emphasis on infrastructure is needed 20

London: City faces challenges to keep leading global position 22

UK capital has been criticized as being a money laundering safe haven 22

Many unknowns remain for the City following referendum on membership of the European Union 23

London needs greater infrastructure investment to maintain position 25

Property prices and availability within London pose social and economic problems for the capital 26

Air pollution now poses a serious threat to the future of London 27

Delhi: the megacity out of control 29

Delhi is the world’s second most populous city with 24 million 29

Staggering rates of growth mean that services cannot keep up 30

The health care system is completely inadequate in Delhi 31

The local government's definition of poverty is misguided 32

Pollution in Delhi is dangerous and miserable for inhabitants 33

Population density is completely out of control 33

Crime and corruption are intrinsic in the city’s culture 34

Megacities need to be actively prevented from forming 34

Athens: City with big economic woes and refugees to feed 36

The debt crisis began in 2010 and there is still no end in sight 36

Greece has been unable to use the loans for its benefit 37

Austerity and cuts have been indiscriminate and deep 37

Greece took a new bailout in May 2017 and new austerity plan 38

Debt cannot be paid because the economy is not growing 39

Refugee crisis continues and Athens cannot afford to help 41

Athens received vast international aid which was squandered 41

Young people are being hit hardest and are leaving on mass 42

Points of interest 44

Appendix 45

Further Reading 45

Sources 45

Ask the analyst 46

About MarketLine 46

Disclaimer 46

List of Tables

List of Tables

Table 1: Miami, Florida and US national crime rate averages compared 10

Table 2: 2016 worst cities to live in rankings 12

Table 3: Scale of rail networks in London 25

List of Figures

List of Figures

Figure 1: Miami wealth and poverty 8

Figure 2: Crime types of prison offenders 2016 Florida state 9

Figure 3: 2016 community supervised offenders & 2007 incarceration by ethnicity 11

Figure 4: Unemployment in the US by race and unemployment in Miami 12

Figure 5: US city and nationwide average house price, income & violent crime , US 13

Figure 6: Assets at risk globally 14

Figure 7: Number of families benefiting from Bolsa Familia in 2010 15

Figure 8: Maracana Stadium during 2016 Olympic Games 17

Figure 9: Value ($bn) of Brazilian exports 2007-2016 18

Figure 10: Homicides in Rio De Janeiro per 100,000 19

Figure 11: Poor water treatment in Rio De Janeiro, 2016 20

Figure 12: Properties purchased by overseas companies per local authority in London 2010-2015 23

Figure 13: UK exports to EU ($bn) 24

Figure 14: London Metropolitan Region – Arrivals by country of residence 2014 (000’s) 25

Figure 15: London Metropolitan Region – GDP Per Capita £000’s (2000-2016) 27

Figure 16: London Nitrogen Dioxide Emissions Daily Average (ug m-3), 2010-2016 28

Figure 17: Delhi city streets 29

Figure 18: Economic growth index of Indian cities, 2000-2025, 2010=100 30

Figure 19: Rate of respiratory problems in Delhi versus rural India 31

Figure 20: Rate of respiratory problems in Delhi versus rural India 32

Figure 21: Worst polluted cities in 2015 PM25 (micrograms per cubic meter) 33

Figure 22: Crime rates in major Indian cities per 100,000 people 34

Figure 23: Athens riots 2016 36

Figure 24: Athens metropolitan region – real GDP and real GDP growth, 2000-25 37

Figure 25: Unemployment in Greece 2005-2020 in % of population 38

Figure 26: Number of building permits issued Greece 39

Figure 27: Possible outcomes for Greece through 2017 40

Figure 28: Refugee arrivals 2015-2016 40

Figure 29: Port of Piraeus refugee squat 41

Figure 30: Protest signs Athens 42

Figure 31: Attitudes in Europe toward the EU 43

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